maslows law - 970 Words

Maslow wanted to understand what motivates people. He believed that individuals possess a set of motivation system unrelated to rewards or unconscious desires. The five stages are basic, safety, social, esteem and self-actualization needs. One must satisfy lower level basic needs to meet higher levels growth needs. Life experiences including divorce and loss of a job may cause an individual to fluctuate between levels of the hierarchy. Once these needs have been reasonably satisfied one may be able to reach the highest level called self-actualization. Maslow (1943) stated that people are motivated to achieve certain needs when one need wanted to understand what motivates people they believed that individuals possess asset of motivation†¦show more content†¦Rembrandt and Van Gough) lived in poverty throughout their lifetime, yet it could be argued that they achieved self-actualization. Maslow (1968) some of the characteristics of self-actualized people Although we are all, th eoretically, capable of self-actualizing, most of us will not do so, or only to a limited degree. Maslow (1970) estimated that only two percent of people will reach the state of self-actualization. He was particularly interested in the characteristics of people whom he considered to have achieved their potential as persons. By studying 18 people he considered to be self-actualized (including Abraham Lincoln and Albert Einstein) Maslow (1970) identified 15 characteristics of a self-actualized person. Characteristics of self-actualizers: 1. They perceive reality efficiently and can tolerate uncertainty;2. Accept themselves and others for what they are;3. Spontaneous in thought and action;4. Problem-centered (not self-centered);5. Unusual sense of humor;6. Able to look at life objectively;7. Highly creative;8. Resistant to enculturation, but not purposely unconventional;9. Concerned for the welfare of humanity;10. Capable of deep appreciation of basic life-experience;11. Establish de ep satisfying interpersonal relationships with a few people;12. Peak experiences;13. Need for privacy;14. Democratic attitudes;15. Strong moral/ethical standards. Behavior leading to self-actualization:(a) Experiencing life like a child, with fullShow MoreRelatedMaslow s Theory Of Maslow Essay1191 Words   |  5 PagesApril 1st 1908, Samuel and Rose Maslow became parents to their first child, Abraham Maslow. He was their first child and was born in Brooklyn, New York. Abraham Maslow would become the oldest of seven children (Boeree, 2006). His parents were from Russia and were Jewish immigrants. Maslow was raised in a diverse, working class neighborhood. His parents were uneducated, however education was something they valued for their children. Maslow’s family was poor Maslow experienced anti-Semitism from teachersRead MoreAbraham Maslow s Influence On The Human Psyche1660 Words   |  7 PagesAbraham Maslow. He is cited as one of the top ten psychologists of all time, wh ich is not an easy task to achieve. Abraham Maslow was born on April 1 in 1908 in Brooklyn New York. He comes from a Jewish background with his parents coming from Russia as immigrants to the United States of America. Maslow’s childhood was not a good or easy one as one would think of such a successful person. His father and mother more times than not often ill treated him, which led to his poor self esteem. Maslow oftenRead MoreAbraham Maslow s Theories Around The World1258 Words   |  6 PagesAbraham Harold Maslow was an American psychologist who still to this date continues to shape behavioral theories around the world. Maslow was born on April 1st of 1908 in Brooklyn, New York. He was the oldest of seven children later born to his parents. His parents were Jewish originally from Russian. With very poor education, his parents hoped for the best future for their children in a new world. Maslow was constantly pushed hard to do well in school and his studies were his parents number oneRead MoreMaslow s Moti vation And Personality1604 Words   |  7 Pagesthird edition of Maslow’s Motivation and Personality, the theorist Abraham Maslow was born in 1908 in Brooklyn, New York. He was the first of seven children born to Russian - Jewish immigrants. While Maslow’s father was uneducated, he pushed his son academically and encouraged him to become a lawyer. Maslow began his extensive education at City College of New York but later told his father that he did not want to study law. In 1928, after marrying his wife Berta, he transferred to the UniversityRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs Theory947 Words   |  4 Pagesbiopsychosocial theory of motivation. A biopsychosocial theory means that it accounts for the biological needs and the psychosocial needs of a person. (Carpenter Huffman, 2013) Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory was first developed by Abraham Maslow in a 1943 paper. (Maslow, 1943) Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory works simply. It says that a person will meet baser or more primitive needs first before fulfilling more advanced or sophisticated needs. To the lay person, thus seems to be true. The hierarchyRead MoreAbraham Maslow and His Theory on the Hierachy of Needs Essay1336 Words   |  6 PagesAbraham Maslow and His Theory on the Hierachy of Needs Born April1,1908 Abraham Maslow was the oldest of seven children born to his parents in Brooklyn New York. Feeling pressure from his parents to achieve academic greatness, Abraham went through early childhood with few friends. Focusing mainly on his studies Maslow had a quiet and unfulfilling adolescence. Abraham started off his college career by attending city college in New York were he began to study law, as his father had wantedRead MoreDescription in Detail of the Humanistic Theories by Rogers and Maslow1517 Words   |  7 PagesRogers who have brought about person-centred theory and Abraham Maslow who has developed a hierarchy of needs, where he emphasized on self-actualization. There is an evaluation on both Rogers and Maslow theories, on how they are based on their own assumptions and views, and I apply Maslow’s theory of self-actualization into my own personal life. 2. Description in detail of the Humanistic theories by Rogers (person-centred) and Maslow (self-actualization) and the evaluation of both theories. 2.1 RogersRead MoreBeneficial Management Contributions 1482 Words   |  6 Pagesaccomplishments we are able to select and integrate what works best for specific organizations. These individuals have contributed to successful management practices that are still used and built off of today. Among these individuals are Elton Mayo, Abraham Maslow, Douglas McGregor, Frederick Taylor, Harrington Emerson, and Adam Smith. With the understanding of each of their contribution, one can help to ensure their organizations vision will not diminish. Elton Mayo was born in Adelaide, Australia in 1880Read MoreMaslow s Theory Of Human Motivation1560 Words   |  7 PagesA question across every branch of psychology, regardless of what ideology one follows, is â€Å"what motivates humans?† In the year of 1943, Abram Maslow wrote his paper A Theory of Human Motivation. In this paper, Maslow described a theory in which he claimed that all people had basic needs, and these needs were fulfilled in order of their importance to the individual. Each need would need to be met prior to working towards another need, eventually achieving the ultimate goal of self-actualization.Read MoreAbraham s Theory Of Behaviorism1573 Words   |  7 PagesAbraham Harold Maslow was born on April 1, 1908 in Brooklyn, New York. He was the first born to his parents, Samuel and Rose Maslow. He was a lonely and unhappy Jewish boy who spent most of his time in the library and among books as a means of comfort and refuge. However, in 1925 at the age of 17 he enrolled at the City College of New York. In 1926, he registered for evening classes at the Brooklyn Law School, then transferred to Cornell University in Ithaca, New York in 1927. In 1928, he transferred

12 Monkeys and Societys Perception of Drugs Essay

Illegal Drugs vs. Psych Ward Drugs The definition of drugs ranges from supposedly positive to automatically classified as negative. But who is to say which drug is bad and which drug is considered good. In the movie entitled 12 Angry Men the director Terry Gilliam used this film to bring about an idea that I had to rethink. This movie was released on the 27 of December in 1995, this movies genre is often questionable but for the most part it is an Action, Thriller, Sci-Fi. The two characters that the drugs affected the most were the main character James Cole played by Bruce Willis and another important character Jeffrey played by Brad Pit. Our society often contradicts themselves when it comes to distributing and using drugs†¦show more content†¦While the scientists on the cast question his trip one of the questions I would like to point out is Cole is asked, How was it? Lots of drugs? The definition of a Drug according to dictionary.com is A chemical substance, such as a narcotic or hallucinogen, that affects the central nervous system, causing changes in behavior and often addiction and A substance used in the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of a disease or as a component of a medication. Being a controlled substance we automatically classify drugs as an illegal act that is not often accepted. In our society today you can go to jail for possession and possession with intent to supply. Our generation is receiving years in jail or the misuse and overdose of drugs. Drugs are abused everyday by teens and adults and often looked down upon. Numerous accidents have occurred do to the abuse of some drugs. Drugs in our society today are initially thought of as bad, and then we come to the understanding that there are other types of drugs that may in fact not be bad but used for good. Illegal drugs are portrayed in our society as really bad, but the use of drugs is abused in psych wards and other facilities also. From previous research I learned that Thorazine is an antipsychotic drug, used as a major tranquilizers. So it is ok for our government and other higher authority to allow the use of tranquilizers on humans andShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesManager, Production: Lisa Rinaldi Full-Service Project Management: Christian Holdener, S4Carlisle Publishing Services Composition: S4Carlisle Publishing Services Printer/Binder: Courier/Kendallville Cover Printer: Courier/Kendalville Text Font: 10.5/12 ITC New Baskerville Std Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2013, 2011, 2009, 2007, 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishingRead MoreA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 Pagesconcludes with certain astronomical and astrological matters. Chapter 3 deals with the reasons for the heavens’ being spherical in form, with the degrees and the images ascending in them, and compares the power of the degrees with that of the planets (pp.12-14). Some passages are related to the Kità ¢b al-Baht of Jà ¢bir, which is laid under such heavy contribution later in The Aim of the Sage. Chapter 4. Since the successful use of talismans depends upon their being used in conjunction with the correct constellationsRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesCover Design: Suzanne Duda Lead Media Project Manager: Denise Vaughn Full-Service Project Management: Sha ron Anderson/BookMasters, Inc. Composition: Integra Software Services Printer/Binder: Edwards Brothers Cover Printer: Coral Graphics Text Font: 10/12 Weidemann-Book Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2011, 2007, 2005, 2002, 1998 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as PrenticeRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesabove-average performance and excellence Summary 387 390 396 423 425 427 427 427 428 438 447 461 463 465 474 478 484 489 493 495 497 497 497 498 500 505 510 515 517 518 520 522 523 528 528 534 Stage Three: How might we get there? Strategic choice 12 The strategic management of the marketing mix 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.7 12.8 12.9 12.11 Learning objectives Introduction Product decisions and strategy What is a product? The dimensions of product policy Brand strategies The development ofRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagestechnology installations that have not fulfilled their intended results has been that this effective integration with management innovation has not been implemented. 12 Feigenbaum−Feigenbaum: The Power of Management Capitol 1. New Management for Business Growth in a Demanding Economy Text  © The McGraw−Hill Companies, 2004 12 THE POWER OF MANAGEMENT CAPITAL Today’s leaders in digitizing their businesses recognize that information technology generates its full economic power only when

A Reflective Observation on Global Warming Free Essays

Elizabeth Kolbert’s chapter 2 entitled â€Å"A Warmer Sky† in her book â€Å"Field Notes From A Catastrophe† is basically about the discovery of global warming and the developments in its awareness. It also shows relevant data about certain factors that affect global warming. John Tyndall’s discovery of the ratio spectrophotometer in 1859 was the advent of the awareness in global warming. We will write a custom essay sample on A Reflective Observation on Global Warming or any similar topic only for you Order Now The function of the said device is to differentiate absorbance and transmittance of their radiation exhibited by the gases. Results of the tests showed that the gases commonly found in the air such as nitrogen and oxygen did not absorb nor transmit any radiation. However, other gases such as carbon dioxide and water absorbed visible and infrared radiation (p.36). With these results, Tyndall stumbled upon a baffling and shocking truth that will cause a worldwide sensation and concern in the following generations. Tyndall concluded that these gases contribute largely to the way the earth radiates and absorbs radiation from the sun. He thought of the atmosphere as a barrier that regulates the amount of radiation that enters the earth which affects its overall temperature. This notion was later known as the â€Å"natural greenhouse effect† (p.36). The sun, earth and many hot bodies emit radiation and the amount of radiation is directly proportional to its temperature. This is further explained by the Stefan-Boltzmann Law which sates that the temperature raised to the fourth power is directly proportional to the radiation emitted by the body. The role of the greenhouse gases is to absorb selectively the radiation from the sun and allow visible radiation to penetrate the atmosphere. The earth’s infrared radiation, on the other hand, is absorbed by the greenhouse gases and is emitted partially into space and partially back to earth. This phenomenon regulates the temperature on the surface of the earth. After Tyndall passed away from an overdose of a sleeping drug, Arrhenius continued what Tyndall left unfinished. Arrhenius studied the effects of altering carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere and he found out that rising carbon dioxide levels will increase the earth’s temperature, hence, he coined the phrase â€Å"to live under a warmer sky† to the next generations (p.42) Interest in the climate change mellowed down after the death of Arrhenius. However, in the mid 1950’s, there was a rebirth in the awareness of global warming and this was due to Charles David Keeling, a chemist. The results of his research in the atmospheric carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere or the â€Å"Keeling Curve† showed that the carbon dioxide level increases as time increases. The results were devastating as years pass by. The Keeling curve also showed that the carbon dioxide level in 2005 was 375 parts per million and with this terrifying rate, it will increase to 500 parts per million by the middle of the century which will greatly affect the temperature of the earth and will make us feel the full effects of global warming (p.44) Global warming threatens us to extinction. This is caused mainly by industrialization and we must stop, or if not, control the rise of carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere to save the future generations. Global warming will cause the polar and ice glaciers to melt that constitute to a rise in sea level. This rise will flood coastal regions and other land masses. There is also an expected change of rainfall patterns across the globe that will greatly affect food crops and will be a major setback in food production in many nations. With the increase in temperature, plants and animals will be forced to live in cooler areas and those who are unable to adapt will be doomed of extinction.   (Global Warming, Encarta) How to cite A Reflective Observation on Global Warming, Essays

Management of Information Technology for Solution Development

Question: Discuss about the Management of Information Technology for Solution Development. Answer: Introduction The assignment is the comparison of old concepts and theories on Solution Development and Delivery in Information Technology with the new current practices on the Solution Development and Delivery in IT. Literature review is included in this assignment which states the concepts, theories, facts about the Solution Development and Delivery in IT. Articles and books related to the Solution development delivery is analysed. Current Practices in the development and delivery involves the analysis in websites which tells about the new trends in Solution Development and Delivery in IT. Current practices describes the recent improvements in Information Technology in terms of Development delivery. Comparison is included which defines the differences between the literature review and the current practice on the Solution Development and Delivery. Solution Development is carried out by the separate development team in the company. If there occur any changes to the solution after the development process, then it makes its impact on the delivery process which is the final task in the cycle. So development and delivery is very much related in the solution. Literature Review According to (Qureshi, 2009), Solution development method is the composition of various components like Steps of procedure, methods, templates for standards, and managing the configuration. He says that the method of solution development gets differed according to the size of the company. In the study, the author analysed the small size companies development on solutions with big sized companies. He also states that the medium size and small size companies do not have their own method for developing the solution. He had proposed the methodology for the solution development which overheads the short-term projects. He concludes that the method for solution development is the foremost thing in the solution. Dingsyr and Lassenius (2016) says that the association between the customer and the vendor is the key factor in the solution development and in the delivery. He says that the relation between them can be maintained by increasing the focus on the value and by moving towards the deployment of the solution. The study says that the trends in the development of the solution mainly focuses on the value of the Business. According to (Laukkanen, Itkonen and Lassenius, 2017), Continuous solution delivery is one of the discipline involved in developing the solution. Once the solution is designed, developed and tested, it is ready for the release. The author describes about the Continuous Integration and the adoption of the continuous delivery which implies that the product can be delivered to the user at any time. He states that the continuous delivery has multiple stages that is used to check whether the software can be delivered to the user. In the study, the author found many issues, relations and solutions to the issues regarding the delivery is discussed. He says that the continuous and the on-time delivery makes benefits like faster feedbacks from the clients and the enhancement of the product. He concludes that the problems on delivery can be rectified by adopting the continuous delivery. Literature Analysis Summary The overall analysis of the articles related to the solution delivery and development says that the development and delivery has the relation. The development also affects the delivery stage. The development is the innovation or improvement of the technology which gets updated in daily life. The adoption of continuous delivery can overcome the issues involved in the on-time delivery. Current Practice on Solution Development and Delivery Recently agile development and delivery process is adopted for the solution. It minimizes risk involved in the development and delivery. Nowadays the use of mobile applications has been increased. The trends has been changed, so many companies has stopped promoting the websites and they started to develop their applications. Now cloud technology has been in practice because the user wants to focus on many different gadgets in one time. Internet of Things (IoT) technology is the recent one which is adopted by the companies. Everything has become user friendly. The things gets accessed from the place where we stay (Melendez, 2017). The efficiency of the delivery process has been increased in the recent practice. Many companies maintain Omni-channel fulfil method so that they easily deliver the products and services to their customers. The delivery process has been changed like delivery in a single day. Many online shopping websites has been keen on delivering the products to the custom ers on time (Lamer son, 2017). Comparison of Literature and the Current Practice The Literature of this assignment describes that the development is the changing trend in the Information Technology. The articles says that the development phase has to be focused on its values. The solution delivery has many issues enclosed with it. If the delivery gets delayed, it will ruin the entire project. The trends and practice gets changed in recent days. The development has made in our hands using the smart applications rule. More than the websites, the mobile applications has been in practice. Many companies focuses on faster or same day delivery and faster feedback from the customers. Conclusion The analysis on the solution development and delivery shows that the trends on it gets varied from years to years. At the early times, the development and delivery was a tedious task. The development process followed many models to develop a solution. Now the users use mobile applications and access many gadgets from the place where they stay. Literature review is explained and the current practice on the solution development and delivery is discussed. Comparison between the early and the recent practice is explained. References - Literature Chung, K., Park, J., Chin, S. and Chung, J. (2014). Study of Solution Development Methodology for Small-Size Projects.Information Technology Journal, 13(6), pp.1174-1179. Dingsyr, T. and Lassenius, C. (2016). Emerging themes in agile software development: Introduction to the special section on continuous value delivery.Information and Software Technology, 77, pp.56-60. Laukkanen, E., Itkonen, J. and Lassenius, C. (2017). Problems, causes and solutions when adopting continuous deliveryA systematic literature review.Information and Software Technology, 82, pp.55-79. Qureshi, S. (2009). Social and economic perspectives on the role of information and communication technology for development.Information Technology for Development, 15(1), pp.1-3. Lamerson, R. (2017).Last Mile Delivery Technology Trends | MHI Solutions. [online] Mhisolutionsmag.com. Available at: https://www.mhisolutionsmag.com/index.php/2016/12/16/last-mile-delivery-technology-trends/ [Accessed 5 Sep. 2017]. Melendez, C. (2017).Software development trends for 2017: Its all about the customer experience. [online] InfoWorld. Available at: https://www.infoworld.com/article/3148644/application-development/software-development-trends-for-2017-its-all-about-the-customer-experience.html [Accessed 5 Sep. 2017].

Result, Methods, And Intro Essays - Mental Processes, Memory, Schema

Result, Methods, And Intro 12/8/00 Introduction, Methods, and Results Memory Recall Adianice Correa Memory Recall There are many questions to how people process information. Many have understood that people remember and learn components of a passage more easily when particular elements of the passage are subjectively considered to be important than when it's not. Systems such as story schemata produce organized descriptions of the substance of a text. Thus, drawing attention to particular parts of a story. However, there is no definite answer as to what makes such element s important, and therefore making such components become easily retrieved. This paper will list possible explanations for what makes specific text important. Findings from prior research give special consideration to evidence that seem to maintain dissimilarities between encoding and retrieval. The schemata theory has been used for the present experiment. In this theory, components of a schemata are slots or variables which may be defined as events or elements that are remembered better because there is a structure or framework laid down beforehand. Such theories, which try to explain how schemas work are recognized as the ?attention-directing theory? or the ?slot theory.? Schema theory provides an instant annotation on the dominance in the recollection of important information. In the ?attention-directing? hypothesis the schema singles out important elements. Therefore, more attention is devoted to these elements than to less important ones, and so they more likely to be learned. Another hypothesis is the ?ideational scaffolding? hypothesis in which the schema is most likely going to contain a slot for important text elements where the information gets stored specifically because there is a function for it. Ways of processing information are based upon individual differences, in which there may or may not be slots for both important and unimportant elements. Several investigators (Bower, 1977; Mandler Pichert & Anderson, 1977) have contemplated that a schema might provide a retrieval arrangement. The idea is that memory search comes from the generic knowledge integrated in the schema to the particular information stored when the text was read. A second possibility is that schemata guide ?output editing.? This would require suggesting that a schema includes within itself an indicator of significance, which in conjunction with the demand characteristics of the recall causes the person to establish a response condition. A final possible retrieval process is ?inferential reconstruction? (Spiro, 1977). Suppose that a participant was attempting to recall a story about going to a movie theatre. He or she might not remember whether popcorn had been eaten, but since there is a slot in his or her schema for popcorn being eaten during movie- watching. And so, the popcorn may be reconstructed, and assumes that soda was a most likely beverage to be drunk during the move session, being produced as a plausible guess. Therefore, the abstract apparatus of the schema will be biased toward reconstructing important elements. There is a repeated finding that important elements persist to emerge in recall code of behavior after a retention period, whereas the appearance of unimportant elements decreases overwhelmingly (cf. Bower, 1976; Newman, 1939). In the present study, college students were read stories from either of two directed perspectives or from no directed perspective. The passage had to do with a subject named Spike, who was trying to get out of a situation, being bound and had been accused of doing something wrong. The situation was described to be in a closed tight space with a confinement description of his surroundings. Different groups rated the importance of the elements in the story from three points of view: the viewpoint of wrestler, the viewpoint of a convict, or a non- directional perspective. The purpose of the experiment described in this paper was to attempt to offer a foundation for the process in text recall of retrieval methods separate from storage mechanisms. Within a schema framework, it can be argued that people may store information when reading a text, which they fail to produce when recalling that same information. After the subjects had been read the Spike passage, all attempted to recall the story after being presented with a distraction test. One third of the subjects were directed to one perspective, that is, from wrestler, to convict, to a

Free Essays on Positive Aspects Of Capital Punishment

â€Å"Not the physical act, but the social meaning of murder distinguishes robbery from taxation, murder from execution, a gift from theft† (Leone 233). This quote defines the exact reason why capital punishment is an ethical form of justice. Although capital punishment may seem like an unfair form of justice, it is actually the most logical way to punish criminals who commit the most serious of serious offenses. It serves as an effective deterrent and provides an excellent form of retribution. If used in the right way, capital punishment would be more cost efficient and effective than life in prison. Capital punishment has been in use in the United States since the beginning of its history. Among the first to be put to death from crimes in the colonies were the so-called witches. The best known was the Salem Witch Trials, where a total of twenty witches had been sentenced to die by the time the trials were over. Through most of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries there wa s much discussion over capital punishment. In the eighteenth century several hundred offenses were punishable by death, but in the late 1880’s the government restricted the number of crimes punishable bye death to three: treason, murder and rape. Between 1880 and 1917 there was much flip-flopping in many states over capital punishment. From 1977 to 1995there have been 300 executions in the United States. As of 1995 only twelve states did not have the death penalty. These days the argument is over the electric chair, and whether or not it is constitutional. Just recently the Supreme Court ruled it constitutional. Bryan Stevenson said: â€Å"This will continue to be an issue that plagues the administration in capital cases until the method of execution has changed† (â€Å"High Court†). Even the nations of the world have had the death penalty for long periods of time, even if they are abolished today. Ninety-six nations currently enforce the death penalty or have c arri... Free Essays on Positive Aspects Of Capital Punishment Free Essays on Positive Aspects Of Capital Punishment â€Å"Not the physical act, but the social meaning of murder distinguishes robbery from taxation, murder from execution, a gift from theft† (Leone 233). This quote defines the exact reason why capital punishment is an ethical form of justice. Although capital punishment may seem like an unfair form of justice, it is actually the most logical way to punish criminals who commit the most serious of serious offenses. It serves as an effective deterrent and provides an excellent form of retribution. If used in the right way, capital punishment would be more cost efficient and effective than life in prison. Capital punishment has been in use in the United States since the beginning of its history. Among the first to be put to death from crimes in the colonies were the so-called witches. The best known was the Salem Witch Trials, where a total of twenty witches had been sentenced to die by the time the trials were over. Through most of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries there wa s much discussion over capital punishment. In the eighteenth century several hundred offenses were punishable by death, but in the late 1880’s the government restricted the number of crimes punishable bye death to three: treason, murder and rape. Between 1880 and 1917 there was much flip-flopping in many states over capital punishment. From 1977 to 1995there have been 300 executions in the United States. As of 1995 only twelve states did not have the death penalty. These days the argument is over the electric chair, and whether or not it is constitutional. Just recently the Supreme Court ruled it constitutional. Bryan Stevenson said: â€Å"This will continue to be an issue that plagues the administration in capital cases until the method of execution has changed† (â€Å"High Court†). Even the nations of the world have had the death penalty for long periods of time, even if they are abolished today. Ninety-six nations currently enforce the death penalty or have c arri...

The Jamestown Fiasco Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Jamestown Fiasco - Essay Example Following the way the Spanish had dealt with the Indians, Smith used force to make Powhatan leave the lands, and he actually achieved that. Smith saw Indians in the English Virginia as slaves. Smith tried his best to encourage the English settlers to grow their own, but the settlers fancied the way Indians lived without much work, and many escaped to join the Indians. Smith had limited authority until the end of 1608 when most of the influential council members had either resumed for England or had died. Using the added authority that he gained after that, he forced the settlers to work by proposing that those of them that only those of them would get food that worked. Smith continued assaults on the Indians, but did not feel like killing them. Smith’s treatment of Indians was not consistent with the type of relationship the Virginia Company had aspired to develop with them, so the returning council members claimed that Smith had been unnecessarily rude towards the Indians. Th e council members were also granted a charter because the conciliar government had not been able to adequately control the settlers. Therefore, the company chose a governor that gained advice from the council but made independent decision. This improved the government in Virginia and the laws for all kinds of corruption were well-defined. The military discipline made the colonists work in an organized manner. The Lawes also formulated special rules that defined how the Indians were to be dealt with. The company aspired to make certain Indians part of the company, though they had generally even become more ruthless towards the Indians than Smith had been. Despite that, the colonists were short of corn and continued to retrieve it from the Indians even after ten years of military government. Lack of equal distribution of profits among the shareholders and private enterprises generated a disincentive for the colonists to work hard enough to grow the corn. The trend of independent farmi ng surfaced between 1609 and 1614. Meanwhile, Gates and Dale proceeded to develop the land all through James up to Henrico. Virginia was being rapidly developed. Gentlemen in Virgina became six times as many as they were in England. Gentlemen were knowledgeable people meant for strategic planning, not for menial jobs. Gentlemen were much more in number than the laborers, due to which the productivity suffered. Virginia needed more craftsmen than gentlemen. The company thought that there was a lot of steel, gold and silver to be found in Virginia, so it demanded workers skilled in their exploration. But the author thinks that the settlers would have faced an increasingly challenging time had the company received workers belonging to diverse vocations as it aspired. Having little to do in their respective professions in Virginia, many would resort to becoming gentlemen rather than joining the laborers in the fields. The company wanted the colonists not to spend their whole effort and time on farming, because it wanted precious things like silk, sugar and wine to be sent to England rather than grains, but there were hardly any riches to be transported to England in the early years. This discouraged both the leaders and the workers. Finally, the Virginia Company was able to cultivate tobacco and send it to England, but the original goal remained unachieved. I was convinced by the author’s arguments since most of them are supported with the original pieces of